The price earnings ratio is calculated by dividing a company's stock price by it's earnings per share. It is likely one of the best-known fundamental ratios for stock valuation.

Market cap to GDP is a long-term valuation indicator for stocks. It has become popular in recent years, thanks to Warren Buffett.

Which was the best investment in the past 30, 50, 80, or 100 years? This chart compares the performance of the S&P 500, the Dow Jones, Gold, and Silver.

Which performed better in the past, Stocks or Bonds? The ratio in this chart divides the S&P 500 by a Total Return Bond Index. When the ratio rises, stocks beat bonds - and when it falls, bonds beat stocks.

The Stocks to Real Estate ratio divides the S&P 500 index by the Case-Shiller Home Price Index. Just like Market Cap to GDP, it has an interesting historical track record and clearly shows the stock market bubbles of 1929 and 1999.

The dow to gold ratio indicates the number of ounces of gold it takes to buy the shares in the Dow Jones Industrial Average index.

Which performed better in recent years, growth stocks or value stocks? When the ratio rises, growth stocks outperform value stocks - and when it falls, value stocks outperform growth stocks.

Which performed better in recent years, large-cap or small-cap stocks? When the ratio rises, large-cap stocks outperform small-cap stocks - and when it falls, small-cap stocks outperform large-cap stocks.

What is the proportion of the Nasdaq to the overall US stock market? The ratio in this chart divides the Nasdaq Composite Index by the S&P 500. The ratio peaked in the year 2000, during the Dot-com mania.

What is the proportion of the US stock market to the global stock market? By definition, this ratio cannot grow forever. At some point, US stocks would simply make up 100% of global stocks.

Which performed better in recent years, emerging or developed market equities? The ratio in this chart divides the MSCI Emerging Markets Index by the MSCI World Index.

The ratio in this chart divides the price of Bitcoin by the price of Gold. When the ratio rises, Bitcoin is outperforming Gold - and when it falls, Gold is outperforming Bitcoin.

The real estate to gold ratio is a measure of relative value between gold and real estate. It indicates the number of ounces of gold required to purchase an average single family house in the United States.

The copper to gold ratio indicates the number of ounces of gold it takes to buy an ounce of copper. The ratio is an indicator of the health of the global economy and interestingly, it correlates strongly with interest rates.

The oil to gold ratio indicates the number of ounces of gold it takes to buy a barrel of oil. Similar to the copper gold ratio, the oil gold ratio is an indicator of the health of the global economy.

The gold silver ratio represents the number of silver ounces it takes to buy a single ounce of gold. Interestingly, it correlates strongly with the US Dollar index.

These charts show the government-, corporate-, and household-debt to gdp ratios. Expressing a nation's debt as a ratio to its gross domestic product (GDP) allows for better comparison over time.

The M2 Money Supply is a measure for the amount of currency in circulation. This chart plots the yearly M2 Growth Rate and the Inflation Rate.

The real interest rate is calculated as the difference between the nominal interest rate and the inflation rate.

This chart plots gold prices and real yields. Gold and real yields are negatively correlated. In other words, when real yields go down gold goes up.

These charts display the spreads between long-term and short-term US Government Bond Yields. A negative spread indicates an inverted yield curve, which is often considered to be a predictor of an economic recession.

These charts display the yield spreads between Corporate Bonds, Treasury Bonds, and Mortgages. The spreads tend to widen in economic recessions and indicate an increased risk of default as well as reduced liquidity in the market.

The dividend yield indicates how much a company pays out in dividends each year relative to its share price. In other words, it measures how much "bang for your buck" you are getting from dividends.

The stocks to commodities ratio measures the S&P 500 relative to the commodity market index PPI (Producer Price Index).

These charts display the relative strength for each US stock market sector. The relative strength indicates how well a given sector performed compared to the overall stock market (as measured by the S&P 500).

Which national stock market index performed the best? The indices are converted into US Dollars, allowing for an accurate perfomance comparison.

How do mining companies perform compared to the physical metals that they produce? This chart goes back all the way back to 1939.

The ratio in the chart above divides the price of Ether by the price of Bitcoin. When the ratio rises, Ether is outperforming Bitcoin - and when it falls, Ether is underperforming.

Historically, an average house in the U.S. cost around 5 times the yearly household income. The ratio in this chart divides the Case-Shiller Home Price Index by the US median annual household income.

The ratios in these charts divide the nominal home price by the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and therefore display the real home price over time.